Checkerwork



n ct. 6, 1931. G. E. srx-:UD'EL 1,826,227

CHECKERWORK Filed Sept. 25, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet l "ZE/J,

Oct. 6, 1931. G. E. STEUDEL. 1,826,227

CHECKERWORK Filed Slept. 23, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented ct. 6, 1931GEORGE E. STEUDEL, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS CHECKERWORK Application ledSeptember 23, 1929. Serial No. 394,668.

My invention relates to blast furnace stoves and more especially to acheckerwork or brick construction used in the construction of the same.

It is essential in blast furnace operation that the air used for such ablast furnace be pre-heated before being drawn into the blast furnace,and as an accessory to each blast furnace a number of pre-heaters arerequired. o These pre-heaters, or stoves as they are called,

consist principally of a tall cell-like structure ordinarily of brick,so arranged that a number of passages are provided between the bricksfrom the bottom to the top of the stoves, and around the brick work is asteel shell. For the entrance of cold air into the' bottom of thelcheckerwork, a number of passageways are provided over which an archconstruction is necessary, and above the 29 arches the main checkerworkis built.

common weakness and source of diiculty found in the ordinary type ofstove construction is that the lower courses of brick work just abovethe arches have a tendency to g5 break or crumble due to the improperdistribution of superimposed wei ht upon them, and it is to overcomethis di culty that my present invention has been perfected. My inventionis concerned especially with the several courses of bricks just abovethe arches in a blast furnace stove.

It is an object of my invention to provide an improved type ofcheckerwork construction. It is another object of my invention toprovide a checkerwork construction in which the weight of thesuperimposed brickwork is transmitted uniformally to the sustainingarches. It is a further object of my invention to provide a checkerworkwhich reduces to a minimum the likelihood of crushing the lower courses.

Other objects and advantages will be brought out and become moreapparent from the following specification, making reference o to theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a. condensed crosssectional elevation of a blast furnace stove embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is an abbreviated cross section- 4 is a similar view of Figure2, and shows the second 1, but taken at right angles lan view of thefirst course taken along the line 3.--3

taken along the course above the arches;

Figures 5 and 6 4 taken along the lines 5--5 and 6-6 of are viewssimilar to Figure Figure 2, respectively;

Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the four courses `immediatelybricks removed; Figure 8 is a perspective view of one of the with partof the above the arches,

special bricks used in my construction; and

Figure 9 is a similar view of a second special type of `brick recessedintermediate its ends whereby to Greek cross.

form when interlocked with A another brick of the same construction aparticularly to the draw ings, I show a blast furnace stove 'preferablycircular in cross section, 10 of steel or the like, brick side wall 11of ordinary construction having a side Wall within which is a and acheckerwork 12 supported on foundation bricks 13 and arches 14 and 15.An 1nterior wall 16 is wall 11 as at 17 and forms a passageway 18running the height of the stove, municating with the passagewaysprovided, which meets the and comat the top of the checkerwork as at194. These passageways extend throughout the checlrerwork constructionincluding the lowermost courses embodying the invention. A cold airinlet 20 is provided near leading into passages 21 leading to an openingan opening proper.

zontal row or layer On the top the base of the structure and passage 18has the heater, and ading to the blast furnace of arches 14 is a horiofbricks 24 and on top of these bricks 24 1s laid the first course orfirst layer 'of bric designated work and ks comprising thecheckergenerally by the letter A, and is the course shown in Figure 3.

This course comprises bricks A1 laid on odge vend toend across bricks24. and between them Vare placed bricks A2, which also rest on bricks24. Bricks A1 are the standard rec- 100 tangular bricks and arepreferably 15 X 9 X 3 inches. `With the exception of special bricks A2,all of the bricks comprising the main checkerwork are of equal thicknessand preferably that thickness is three inches. Also with the exceptionof special bricks A2 and the special bricks C3 and C4 the bricks are allof the standard rectangular construction and preferably l5 x (3 x 3 orl2 X 6 X 3.

The second course consists of standard rectangular bricks Bl, B2, andB3, bricks Bl resting on bricks Al, but in staggered relation theretoand on alternate rows. Bricks B2 exten-d across bricks A1 and A2 andbetween and abutting bricks B1. These lspecial bricks A2 are alsosomewhat taller than the width of bricks A1, and have a central recess25 in the top thereof, the bottom of which recess is approximately on alevel with the top of bricks Al for forming a chair to support atransversely arranged brick at the joint. This provides a continuousbearing surface for bricks B2 which extend across bricks A2 and Al.Along bricks A1 on the remaining alternate rows and between bricks B2are bricks B3. The third course consists of bricks Cl, C2, C3, and C4,of which bricks Cl and C2 are standard rectangular bricks, and bricks C3and C4 are the special bricks shown in Figure 9. Bricks C3 and C4 aresimilar to the standard rectangular bricks, but have a central recess26, the width of which is equal to the thickness of the bricks and therecess is cut one-half way through. Bricks C3 and C4 are identicalexcept that one is the reverse of the other, that is to say, the two arefitted together to form a dovetailing cross. vSpecial bricks C3 are laidalong bricks B1 and centrally therewith and special bricks C4 are placedacross bricks C3 so that the ends of bricks C4 rest on the adjacent endsof bricks B2. Bricks C2 eX- tend across and rest on bricks B3 of thesecond course and are supported at the centre by the adjoining endsofbricks B1. Bricks C1 extend along bricks B3 and overlap the ad jacentends of the latter, and bricks C1 and C2 form a rectangle around bricksC3 and 04:. The fourth course comprising bricks D1 and D2 is thestandard checker course, and is the arrangement with which the majorportion of the remainder of the stove is constructed. It will be seenthat throughout the several courses ample spaces for the circulation ofheated air or gases is provided. The stove is operated in the usualmanner, the bricks comprising the checkerwork being heated by theintroduction of heated air or gases through opening 22, after which coldair introduced into the stove through opening 20 will be heated by thehot bricks and may then be let into the furnace through opening 23.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by United States Letters Patent, is:

l. A brick construction for use in blast furnace stoves and the likecomprising a course of standard bricks arranged in parallel rows withthe contiguous bricks in each of said rows abutting in end to endformation, and a plurality of spacing bricks interposed between saidparallel rows and overlapping the joints between the bricks in saidrows, said spacing bricks being formed with dimensions to provide amplespaces therebetween to form passageways between said parallel rows andto provide supplemental supports at the said joints for a second courseof spaced parallel standard bricks arranged transversely of said firstmentioned parallel rows.

2. A brick construction for use in blast l furnace stoves and the likecomprising a course of standard bricks arranged in parallel rows withthe contiguous bricks in each of said rows abutting in end to endformation, a plurality of spacing bricks interposed between saidparallel rows and overlapping the joints between the bricks in saidrows, said spacing bricks being formed with dimensions to provide am lespaces therebetween to form passageways etween said parallel rows and toprovide joint reenforcements for the bricks of said parallel rows, and asecond course comprising spaced parallel standard bricks arrangedtransversely of said irst mentioned parallel rows and resting upon saidreenforced joints.

3. A brick construction for use in blast furnace stoves and the likecomprising a course of standard bricks arranged in parallel rows withthe contiguous bricks in each of said rows abutting in end to endformation, a pluralt of spacing bricks interposed between sai parallelrows and overlapping the joints between the bricks in said rows, saidspacing bricks being formed with dimensions to provide ample spacestherebetween to form passageways between said parallel rows and toprovide joint reenforcements for the bricks of said parallel rows, and asecond course comprising spaced parallel standard bricks arrangedtransversely over v'the parallel rows of the first course and restingupon said reenforced joints and parallel rows. of abutting standardbricks restinor upon alternate rows of the first course and reakingjoints therewith.

4. A brick construction for use in blast furnace stoves and the like,comprising a course of standard bricks arranged in para]- lel rows withthe contiguous bricks in each .of said rows abutting in end to endformation, and a plurality of spacing bricks interposed between saidparallel rows and overlapping the joints between the bricks in saidrows,

said spacing bricks being formed with one dimension greater than thewidth of the standard bricks of the first said parallel rows Leases? thejoints between the bricks in said rows,

said spacing bricks being formed with one dimension greater than theWidth of the standard bricks of the first said parallel rows and beingrecessed to form a chair for receiving a transverse brick-in asuperimposed course, and a second course of standard bricks, comprisingspaced bricks arranged transversely' of said parallel rows and supportedover said joints in said chairs, parallel rows in abutting end to endrelation resting upon the alternate parallel rows of the iirst course.

6. A brick construction for use in blast furnace stoves and the like,comprising a course of standard bricks arranged in parallel rows v withthe contiguous bricks in each of said rows abutting in end to endformation, a plurality of spacing bricks interposed between saidparallel rows and overlapping the joints between the bricks in saidrows, said spacing bricks beino' formed with one dimension greater thanthe width of the standard bricks of the rst said parallel rows and beingrecessed to form a chair for receiving a transverse brick in asuperimposed course, and a second course of standard bricks, comprisingspaced bricks arranged transversely ofsaid parallel rows and supportedover said joints in said chairs, parallel rows in abutting end to endrelation resting upon the alternate parallel rows of the first course,and bricks over and supported by the remaining alternate rows of thefirst said course with their ends abutting said transversely arfrangedparallel bricks.

7. A brick construction for use in blast furnace stoves and the like,comprising a course of standard bricks arranged in parallel rows withthe contiguous bricks in each of said rows abutting in end to endformation, a plur- 'ality of spacing bricks interposed between saidparallel rows and overlapping the joints between the bricks in saidrows, said spacing bricks being formed with one dimension greater thanthe width of the standard bricks of the first said parallel rows andbeing recessed to form a chair for receiving a transverse brick in asuperimposed course, and a second course of standard bricks, comprisingspaced bricks arranged transversely of said parallel rows and supportedover said joints in said chairs, parallel rows in abutting end to endrelation resting upon the alternate parallel rows of the first course,bricks over and of t e first said course with their ends abutting saidtransversely arranged parallel bricks, and a third course of bricks comrising a plurality of pairs of slotted inter ocking bricks arranged inthe form of a Greek cross with the intersecting portions resting uponintermediate portions of abutting bricks of said parallel brick rows ofsaid second course.

8. A brick construction for use in blast furnace stoves and the like,comprising a course of standard bricks arranged in parallel rows withthe contiguous bricks in each of said rows abutting in end to endformation, a plurality of spacing bricks.l interposed between saidparallel rows and overlapping the joints between the bricks in saidrows, sai spacing bricks being formed with one dimension greater thanthe width of the standard bricks of the first said parallel rows andbeing recessed to form a chair for receiving a transverse brick in asuperimposed course, and a. second course of standard bricks, comprisinspaced bricks arranged transversely of sai parallel rows and supportedover said joints in said chairs, parallel rows in abutting end to endrelation restino upon the alternate parallel rows of the tibrst course,bricks over and supportedby the remaining alternate rows/of the firstsaid course with their ends abutting said transversely arranged parallelbricks, and a third course of bricks coinprising a plurality of pairs ofslotted interlocking bricks arranged in the form of a Greek cross withthe intersectingportions resting upon intermediate portions of abuttinbricks of said parallel brick rows of sai second course, and standardbricks surrounding and forming a square around each of the brick unitsforming the Greek cross.

9. A checkerwork for blast f'urnace stoves having spaced archescomprising in comblnation a first course consisting of spaced rows ofstandard bricks across said arches, and special ibricks on said archesbetween sald spaced rows of standard bricks, a second course comprisinrows of standard bricks on alternate rows o the standard bricks of thefirst course, standard bricks between said rows of the ,second courseand across the remaining alternate rows of the first course and on thesaid special bricks, and standard bricks on said remaining alternaterows and between said second mentioned bricks of the second course.

10. A checker brick construction for use in blast furnace stoves and thelike, comprising, in combination a course of standard bricks disposedimmediately above the arches in the stove, acourse of standard bricksarranged to occupy the upper part of thestove, and an intermediatecourse of specially formed bricks interposed between the upper and lowercourses of standard bricks.

11. A checker brick construction for use in blast furnace stoves and thelike, comprising, in combination, a course of standard bricks disposedimmediately above the arches in the 6 stove, a course of standard bricksarranged to occupy the upper part of the stove, and a plurality ofintermediate courses of specially formed bricks interposed between theupper and lower courses of standard bricks.

10 Signed at Chicago, Ell., this 17th day of September, 1929.

GERGE E. STEUDEL.

